Adlay Testa (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) Ethanolic Extract and Its Active Components Exert Anti-Proliferative Effects on Endometrial Cancer Cells via Cell Cycle Arrest

Endometrial cancer is the most common malignant tumors of gynecologic neoplasms in Western society. In recent years, incidence endometrial has increased, and it become third female gynecological (after ovarian cervical cancer) Taiwan. Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) been demonstrated to have bioactive polyphenols, flavonoids, phytosterols, essential nutrients for health benefits, including anticancer effects humans. However, little known about effect adlay seeds on cancer. Our study aimed investigate potential growth inhibitory several seed fractions, ethyl acetate (ATE-EA) its constituents, separately cells—HEC-1A (phosphatase tensin homolog-positive) RL95-2 homolog-negative)—and identify related active ingredients. addition, fractions phytochemical compounds were elucidated. The results demonstrate superior activity ATE-EA with significant vitro cell proliferation capacity, particularly C.D.E.F-subfraction. Moreover, HPLC- GC/FID-based quantification subfractions showed that phenolic (caffeic acid, protocatechuic p-hydroxybenzaldehyde), steroids, fatty acid exert anti-proliferative model. Finally, was shown cycle arrest significantly occurred G1 or G2/M phase under treatment. Collectively, our an antiproliferative cells suggest a positive outcome women from consumption these compounds.